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GraphicsAcademy.com > File Formats > WebP

WebP

Short Name	WebP
Long Name	WebP
Typical File Extensions	.webp
Contains	Bitmap/Animation

WebP is a bitmap file format developed by Google, and released as an open standard, and intended to be a competitor to the JPEG and PNG file formats.

The first iteration of WebP, introduced in 2010, was like JPEG, lossy compression but intended to produce comparable quality files but smaller in size.
The second iteration , introduced in 2011, add a whole host of additional features, including a lossless compression mode (intended to compete with PNG, but intended to produce smaller files). Many other features were also added at this point, including support for animations, alpha transparency. and tiling WebPs to produce a very large composite image.

At the time of writing, the WebP file format is supported natively by the Google Chrome and Opera web browsers. In other web browsers, where native support for the file format is not built-in to the browser, a Javascript library ("WebPJS") or similar methods can be used to display WebP images.

Technically speaking, JPEG refers to a particular algorithm:

The JPEG compression algorithm a method of compression that is most suitable for compressing True Color photographs and other continuous tone images.
For images with sharp changes in tone, the format is less suitable and can introduce artifacts into the images.
In JPEG compression, it is possible to control the amount of data lost by the compression process. In many software applications, you will find an option to control the Quality of the Save process:
- Generally, a higher quality will result in less data loss, and fewer artifacts introduced into the image, but at the cost of higher file size.
- Generally, a lower quality will result in more data loss, a smaller file size, but more artifacts introduced into the image.

The JPEG compression algorithm is supported by a number of file formats, including TIFF, but for the purposes of this discussion we need to talk about the JFIF file format.

JFIF stands for "JPEG File Interchange Format" and is a relatively simple wrapper around a JPEG compressed image. Somewhat confusingly, many people (and books) refer to JFIF as "JPEG files". Thus, when somebody says a file is in "JPEG format" they actually mean it is a JFIF file containing a JPEG-compressed image.

JPEG 2000, is a enhanced version of the JPEG system, which adds a number of features, including better compression, and an optional lossless compression mode (which doesn't reduce file sizes as much as the lossy mode, but preserves the image exactly). At the time of writing, JPEG 2000 is not especially widely supported by software applications.

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